What type of scan does FAST include for trauma assessment?

The correct answer is a series of chest, pelvic, and four abdominal scans, which characterizes the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) exam. This examination is designed to quickly assess trauma patients for the presence of free fluid (such as blood) in anatomical regions that are particularly vulnerable in injuries, including the chest and abdomen.

The use of ultrasound provides a rapid, non-invasive means of evaluating potential internal bleeding or organ damage, factors that are critical in emergencies. Specifically, the exam typically includes views of the pericardial space around the heart (to assess for pericardial effusion or bleeding), the potential free fluid in the abdominal cavity, as well as looking at areas around the spleen, liver, and pelvis. By incorporating multiple scans, FAST offers a comprehensive overview, greatly aiding in making timely decisions for patient management in trauma care.

Focusing solely on abdominal scans would not provide the full picture needed in trauma assessment. Limiting the examination to neck and limb scans, or only considering cardiac and chest scans, fails to address the critical elements of trauma evaluation featured in the FAST protocol. Thus, the inclusion of a systematic approach that covers various vital areas of the body ensures that clinicians can effectively detect life-threatening